CCC-0518: CRRIS, Health Risk Assessment from Atmospheric Releases of Radionuclides

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CCC-0518 CRRIS. (Abstract last modified 12-JUL-1999)

CRRIS, Health Risk Assessment from Atmospheric Releases of Radionuclides

Abstract Table of Contents:

1. NAME OR DESIGNATION OF PROGRAM - CRRIS.

2. COMPUTER FOR WHICH PROGRAM IS DESIGNED AND OTHER MACHINE VERSION PACKAGES AVAILABLE -

To request or retrieve programs click on the one of the active versions below. A password and special authorization is required.

Explanation of the status codes.

Program-name Package-ID Status CRRIS CCC-0518/01 Obsolete CRRIS-PC CCC-0518/02 Tested

Machines used: Package-ID Orig.Computer Test Computer CCC-0518/02 IBM 3033,PC-80586 PC Pentium III 500

3. DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM OR FUNCTION - CRRIS consists of eight fully integrated computer codes which calculate environmental transport of atmospheric releases of radionuclides and resulting doses and health risks to individuals or populations. Each code may be used alone for various assessment applications. Because of its modular structure, CRRIS allows assessments to be tailored to the user's needs. Radionuclides are handled by CRRIS either in terms of the released radionuclides or the exposure radionuclides which consist of both the released nuclides and decay products that build up during environmental transport.
Atmospheric dispersion calculations are performed by the ANEMOS computer code for distances less than 100Km and the RETADD-II computer code regional-scale distances. Both codes estimate annual-average air concentrations and ground deposition rates by location. SUMIT will translate and scale multiple ANEMOS runs onto a master grid. TERRA reads radionuclide air concentrations and deposition rates to estimate concentrations of radionuclides in food and surface soil. Radiologic decay and ingrowth, soil leaching, and transport through the food chain are included in the calculations. MLSOIL computes an effective radionuclide ground-surface concentration to be used in computing external health effects. The five-layer model of radionuclide transport through soil in MLSOIL provides an alternative to the single-layer model used in TERRA. DFSOIL computes dose factors used in MLSOIL to compute doses from the five soil layers and from the ground surface. ANDROS reads environmental concentrations of radionuclides computed by the other CRRIS codes and produces tables of doses and risks to individuals or populations from atmospheric releases of radionuclides.

4. METHOD OF SOLUTION - SUMIT performs geometric interpolation. TERRA and MLSOIL are terrestrial transport compartment models. DFSOIL computes soil-layer-specific dose factors based on the point-kernel method. ANEMOS employs a Gaussian plume atmospheric dispersion model. RETADD-II is based on long-range trajectory estimates using upper-air wind data. ANEMOS, RETADD, TERRA, MLSOIL and ANDROS solve differential equations that describe decay and ingrowth. PRIMUS and ANDROS can be characterized as bookkeeping rather than computational programs.

5. RESTRICTIONS ON THE COMPLEXITY OF THE PROBLEM - ANEMOS is not to be used for short-term or accidental releases. It is appropriate only for chronic releases. It models only one source per run. Multiple ANEMOS results may be combined using SUMIT. MLSOIL does not allow upward transport of radionuclides. MLSOIL will truncate radionuclide chains of length greater than 20. All sample cases in this package are to be considered demonstration assessments. No special significance should be attached to the choices of parameters and options for these jobs.

6. TYPICAL RUNNING TIME - Running times vary from about 2 CPU seconds for PRIMUS to 3.2 CPU minutes and 49,000 I/O's for an ANDROS run with one radionuclide and 315 locations. MLSOIL takes a great deal of computer time. The sample case exceeded the limit of 1.5 CPU hours. Users may elect to run the sample case for 5 minutes to generate a few lines of output to compare with that included in the package. The time and I/O estimates in the JCL files reflect requirements of running the sample cases on the IBM3033.

7. UNUSUAL FEATURES OF THE PROGRAM -

8. RELATED AND AUXILIARY PROGRAMS -
AUXILIARY ROUTINES:
PRIMUS: Prepares radionuclide ingrowth matrices from user-specified
        sources.
ANEMOS: Estimates air concentrations and ground deposition rates for
        nuclides emitted to the atmosphere.
SUMIT:  Interpolates and sums multiple ANEMOS results onto a master
        grid.
RETADD-II: Models long range atmospheric dispersion using a
        trajectory model with consistent treatment of deposition
        loss and species growth and decay.
DFSOIL: Calculates dose conversion factors for MLSOIL.
MLSOIL: Estimates effective ground surface concentrations for dose
        computations.
TERRA:  Simulates transport of atmospherically released radionuclides
        through agriculture.
ANDROS: Computes doses and health effects from atmospheric releases
        of radionuclides.
DATA LIBRARIES:
RADRSK.BCD: A file of dose and risk factors for 502 radionuclides
        written by RADRISK for use with ANDROS.
SITE:   Direct access data file of default location specific
        agricultural, climatological, land use, and demographic
        parameters on a 1/2 x 1/2 degree longitude-latitude basis
        for the conterminous United States. This data is included
        in DLC-127/AGDATA.
ELEM.REV: Element specific data base of parameters for soil-water
        distribution, plant uptake and transport of beef and milk.
DECAY.DAT: Decay branching data from DLC-080/DRALIST.
DECAY.RAD: Photon energies and intensities from DLC-080/DRALIST.
UPW77.DAT: 1977 upper-air wind data for use with RETADD-II.

9. STATUS
CCC-0518/01: 12-JUL-1999 Obsolete
CCC-0518/02: 12-JUL-1999 Tested at NEADB

10. REFERENCES -
CCC-0518/02:
- D. Raines:
Notes on CRRIS (CCC-518) for PC" (1998)
- C. F. Baes, III, C. W. Miller, D. C. Kocher, A. L. Sjoreen, and B. D. Murphy:
An Introduction to CRRIS: A Computerized Radiological Risk Investigation System
for Assessing Atmospheric Releases of Radionuclides
ORNL/TM-8573 (August 1985)
- O. W. Hermann, et. al.:
PRIMUS: A Computer Code for the Preparation of Radionuclide Ingrowth
Matrices from User-Specified Sources
ORNL-5912 (October 1984)
- C. W. Miller, et. al.:
ANEMOS: A Computer Code to Estimate Air Concentrations and Ground
Deposition Rates for the Atmospheric Nuclides Emitted from Multiple
Operating Sources
ORNL-5913 (November 1986)
- C. L. Begovich, et. al.:
SUMIT: A Computer Code to Interpolate and Sum Single Release
Atmospheric Model Results onto a Master Grid
ORNL-5914 (October 1984)
- C. F. Baes, III, et. al.:
TERRA: A Computer Code for Simulating the Transport of Environmentally
Released Radionuclides Through Agriculture
ORNL-5785 (November 1984)
- B. D. Murphy, et. al.:
RETADD-II: A Long Range Atmospheric Trajectory Model with Consistent
Treatment of Deposition Loss and Species Growth and Decay
ORNL/CSD-99 (August 1984)
- A. L. Sjoreen, et. al.:
MLSOIL and DFSOIL - Computer Codes to Estimate Effective Ground Surface
Concentrations for Dose Computations
ORNL-5974 (November 1984)
- C. L. Begovich, et. al.:
ANDROS: A Code for Assessment of Nuclide Doses and Risks with Option
Selection
ORNL-5889 (November 1986)

11. MACHINE REQUIREMENTS - CRRIS is operable on the IBM 3033 computer or personal computers.

12. PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE(S) USED -
CCC-0518/02: FORTRAN-66 FORTRAN-77 ASSEMBLER

13. OPERATING SYSTEM UNDER WHICH PROGRAM IS EXECUTED - On the IBM 3033, CRRIS was compiled under OS/VS2 using Version 2 of the IBM VS Fortran Compiler with the language level 66 option. SITEDA, which creates the
random-access SITE data base, is written in Fortran 77. Optimization level used was 3. The random number generator is written in IBM assembler language. In 1998 the IBM 3033 version was updated to run in an MS-DOS box on an IBM-compatible PC under Windows 95/NT using the Absoft Fortran 77 for Windows95/WindowsNT V4.2, which was used to create the executables included in the package.

14. OTHER PROGRAMMING OR OPERATING INFORMATION OR RESTRICTIONS -

15. NAME AND ESTABLISHMENT OF AUTHORS -
Contributed by:
          Radiation Shielding Information Center
          Oak Ridge National Laboratory
          Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A.
Developed by:
          Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
          Science Application International Corporation, McLean,
          Virginia.

16. MATERIAL AVAILABLE -
CCC-0518/02:
CRRISPC directory
CRRISPC\DOC directory
CRRISPC\INPUTOUT directory

17. CATEGORIES -

- G. Radiological Safety, Hazard and Accident Analysis

Keywords: ATMOSPHERIC PRECIPITATIONS, DOSES, HEALTH HAZARDS, HUMAN POPULATIONS, RADIOACTIVE RELEASE